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Here you’ll find thoughtful articles exploring apologetics, theology, and worldview. Our goal is to equip believers, engage skeptics, and apply biblical truth to the most pressing questions of life, culture, and faith. Whether you’re wrestling with doubts, looking for answers, or simply eager to grow deeper in your understanding of Christianity, this is a place to read, reflect, and reason together.
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Pro-Life Incrementalism
I am a staunch abortion abolitionist. I believe that human life and personhood starts at conception and thus that any ending of that life intentionally is murderous. I have written some on the topic here at FreeThinking Ministries (Read: After Roe ) and debated the topic in various ways and venues throughout the years. I have made the argument for life from scripture and without scripture. In fact, I have argued that the 14 th amendment of the United States supports a feder

Josh Klein
Jul 2, 20247 min read
Jesus Contradicted w/ Dr. Mike Licona
Do the gospel's contain contradictions? If they do, does that mean they are full of errors? Join Tim Stratton and Josh Klein as they interview Michael Licona on his new book Jesus Contradicted. Dr. Michael R. Licona joins Dr. Timothy Stratton and Josh Klein to discuss his most recent book, Jesus Contradicted. Why the gospels tell the same story differently. But not EVERYONE is a fan of this book... We dive deep into the book, its goal, and objections and concerns about th

Josh Klein
Jul 2, 20241 min read


Perplexity AI on the Scientific Evidence for God
In this discussion I ask Perplexity AI about the scientific evidence for God and ask it to perform a Bayesian calculation of the probability of God based on two lines of evidence. Of course, there are many other lines of evidence but Perplexity seemed to grasp the persuasiveness of the argument so I limited the calculation to two lines of evidence. Perplexity calculates the probability of God at 99.9999%. Me : In my view, the scientific evidence for God is much like the scie
Ronald Cram
Jun 25, 202410 min read


Perplexity AI on the Beginning of the Universe
Perplexity AI is a popular Large Language Model (LLM). It has both a free version and a paid Pro version. For this discussion, I used the free version in Academic mode. Academic Perplexity is very similar to Scholar GPT, which is Chat GPT's academic mode. The knowledge base is trained strictly on academic literature, not from sources on the web. Some researchers prefer Perplexity AI in the Academic mode over Scholar GPT because Perplexity will cite the exact papers it is ref
Ronald Cram
Jun 12, 20248 min read


"Like a Good Neighbor . . ." Stand Against Abortion
There is a good chance that most reading this blog have heard and can finish the State Farm jingle that begins with the words in the above title. More than making the point that a good neighbor is available to help, the message is that State Farm Insurance is always there to help. We can imagine that whoever came up with the advertisement thought they were on the cutting edge of marketing. Little did they know that two thousand years ago Jesus had made the same point—dare we

Tom Barnes
Jun 11, 20246 min read
Trump Found Guilty? | FTMonthly #12
In our first LIVE FTMonthly we have been thrown a wrench, instead of addressing the Pope and a Pride Month nature show we discuss the most recent in our unfortunate political landscape... Josh is joined by Dr. Tim Stratton and a lawyer (who has never voted for Trump) to analyze the most recent Trump legal verdict in a hush money case in New York City... The case is seedy, disturbing and despicable but... was it really Illegal? How should we as Christians process this? Doe

Josh Klein
May 31, 20241 min read


Scholar GPT on Cosmology, the Existence of God, and Future Research
ChatGPT is a popular artificial intelligence or Large Language Model (LLM). GPT stands for Generative Pre-Trained Transformer. It is a remarkable technology. In fact, ChatGPT has been credited as a co-author of a number of peer reviewed science papers. When in the Scholar mode, it is called Scholar GPT. Scholar GPT has been pre-trained on a large number of science papers in a variety of fields. Large Language Models are not perfect. In some cases, they misunderstand the qu
Ronald Cram
May 24, 20247 min read


Does the Free-Thinking Argument Get a "Free Pass"?
David Pallmann recently graduated with an undergraduate degree from the institution which employs me as a professor: Trinity College of the Bible and Theological Seminary. Although I never had the opportunity to teach Dave in an official capacity because I teach graduate level students, I was proud to see him get his bachelor's degree. Upon graduating, however, Pallman has been extremely vocal over the past few months expressing concern over multiple apologetics-based argume

Dr. Tim Stratton
May 22, 202414 min read
Did Butker Out Kick His Coverage?
Tim and Josh are joined by Kurt Jaros to explore the recent blow up concerning a commencement speech delivered by Kansas City Chiefs Kicker Harrison Butker at St. Benedictine College in the spring of 2024. Did Butker outkick his coverage? Were the things he said sexist, homophobic, and misogynistic? How should Christians think of the topics Butker covered and what do we say to those offended by his speech? Josh's article: https://freethinkingministries.com/the-new-cul

Josh Klein
May 21, 20241 min read


The New Cultural Christianity
A few months ago I wrote an article on the West’s move towards a post-Christian culture ( Post-Christianity: What's That? ). Since the article’s publication at least two prominent atheists decried the fall of Christianity in the West. One claims to have converted to Christianity ( Ayaan Hirsi Ali ) and the other maintains atheism but embraces “cultural Christianity” (Richard Dawkins) . They, along with fellow atheists Bret Weinstein and Tom Holland recognize that the fall o

Josh Klein
May 17, 202411 min read


The Suffering King
The previous article in our discussion of suffering covered three supports that God gave us to persevere: prayer, scripture, and the Church. Along with those supports, we also discussed the proper attitude one should have in suffering with the example of Job. To further the discussion of this topic, we should next look at King David and how he dealt with the suffering in his life. David's life was notably marked by bountiful blessings and severe suffering. Although he is prob

Thomas Moller
May 9, 20246 min read


The Moral Argument VS. Fantasies of the Gaps
I recently posted the Nuremberg Argument on the FreeThinking Ministries Facebook page: 1- If the Nazis were properly convicted at Nuremberg, then God exists. 2- The Nazis were properly convicted at Nuremberg. 3- Therefore, God exists. I also shared this short video. The Nuremberg argument I shared is sound because proper convictions are based upon truth. If Chief Justice Jackson’s case – which was sufficient to convict the Nazis – was based upon false premises, then the Nazis

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 25, 202426 min read
Should Mark Driscoll Repent? | FTMonthly #10 W/ Josh Klein
The Stronger Men's Conference Saga continues and Josh Klein is here to break it all down for you. Which side is in the right? Who should repent? And what the heck is going on? Josh does a deep dive and has some conclusions... See the time stamped video for previous discussion on the saga: Notes: John Lindell: https://www.dontperish.com/false-teachers-videos--testings/james-river-church-john-lindell-exposed https://www.dontperish.com/false-teachers-videos--testings/categ

Josh Klein
Apr 19, 20241 min read
Dismantling Arguments and Culture
Join Dr. Tim Stratton and Josh Klein as they tackle recent arguments made against Dr. Stratton's "Alien Gospel" video with Phil Bair and as they look at cultural issues across the spectrum... from Red Heifer and End Times, to the war in Israel and even tackling Mark Driscoll and the stripper controversy... And doing all of this LIVE! We'll answer questions and comments too! Links Discussed: Mark Driscoll: https://x.com/CollinRugg/status/1779660848933560503 https://x.com/Pr

Josh Klein
Apr 17, 20241 min read


Lightning, Heifers, Eclipses and The End of Time
On October 7 th of 2023 an event happened that would change the trajectory of world history. Hamas’ attack on Israel carried the same weight historically as December 7 th of 1941. However, since it involved Israel it carried even more significance in certain religious circles. On October 13 th of 2023 I wrote an article beseeching my brothers and sisters in Christ to pursue fidelity to Christ rather than discernment of the "End Times" ( Is This the End in Israel? ). Since

Josh Klein
Apr 11, 202410 min read


The Suffering Christian
We live in a troubled world, a world that is plagued by sin which leads to pain and suffering. This state of the world is nothing new, it has gone on since the fall of man. The entirety of humankind from Adam to us have dealt with a variety of suffering as a result of this fall. However, though we do not live in a more sinful time, for every age has overflowed with sinfulness, we seem to be facing a different struggle. Our society is fighting a battle of the mind, and losing

Thomas Moller
Apr 10, 20244 min read
A Moral Obligation to Vote For... Trump?
In this episode Tim Stratton and Josh Klein discuss some objections and reactions to a recent article released on @FreethinkingMinistries website called A Moral Obligation to Vote for an Immoral Candidate. Check out the article: https://freethinkingministries.com/a-moral-obligation-to-vote-for-an-immoral-candidate/ Shenvi Blog debate with Mason: https://shenviapologetics.com/dialogue-with-bradly-mason-part-1/ (All 12 parts linked at the bottom) Captain American Nation

Josh Klein
Apr 10, 20241 min read
So Many Moral Arguments! W/ dr. Tim Stratton
One of my favorite arguments for the existence of God is the moral argument. To say that the moral argument has caused a stir in the waters of philosophy would be a gross understatement. The syllogism has made such an impact that committed atheists debate amongst themselves as to which premise they ought to reject. The popular version of the moral argument can be formulated like this: If God does not exist, objective moral values and duties do not exist. Objective moral value

Josh Klein
Apr 9, 20241 min read


The Free-Thinking Argument: The Evolution Continues
Question Dear Dr. Stratton, Consider the following valid argument: 1. Those who think otherwise about our having libertarian free will, use libertarian free will to think otherwise. 2. If this is so, then we have libertarian free will. 3. Therefore, we have libertarian free will. Yes, it's deductively valid, but is it sound? Only if you beg the question on premise 1. Which is why I've never found any of your versions of the Free-Thinking Argument persuasive. But do you

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 8, 20246 min read


Why Can’t There Be Multiple Necessary Beings?
Why can't there be multiple necessary beings? There is a good a reason why no professional philosophers make this objection to ontological arguments (I’ll add the caveat that it’s possible that there is one somewhere who has made this objection, but I’ve studied this argument and its objections for years, so I should have found it if anyone has). Basically a maximally great being (MGB) is what a valid ontological argument needs to work and by definition a MGB is one thing an

Phil Kallberg
Apr 4, 20243 min read
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