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Here you’ll find thoughtful articles exploring apologetics, theology, and worldview. Our goal is to equip believers, engage skeptics, and apply biblical truth to the most pressing questions of life, culture, and faith. Whether you’re wrestling with doubts, looking for answers, or simply eager to grow deeper in your understanding of Christianity, this is a place to read, reflect, and reason together.


Movie Review: Sound of Freedom
Edit 9/29/23 - I can no longer recommend this movie in good conscience. For more, see my YouTube episode of FTMonthly released on 9/29/23 and read this article entitled the Ballard of Truth . Recently, I had the opportunity to watch the hot new film Sound of Freedom . If you have not heard of this movie, you may be living under a rock of some sort as it has been making headlines since its release on July 4 th . A fairly low budget film that was completed five years ago bu

Josh Klein
Jul 14, 20238 min read


What If Science Proves Determinism?
Question: Dear Dr. Stratton, John Martin Fischer has stated that one of the primary reasons that he is a compatibilist is because of what Kevin Timpe calls the “Held Hostage Objection” (HHO). The HHO states that if determinism were to be scientifically proven in some fashion then the compatibilist wouldn’t have to alter their views of moral responsibility or human freedom whereas the incompatibilist would have to make major revisions to their worldview (lest they be inconsis

Dr. Tim Stratton
Mar 6, 20238 min read


Stratton vs White: Is Molinism Biblical? (Opening Speech & Post-Debate Reflections)
Good evening! To everyone watching this debate, thank you for taking theology seriously. And to Dr. James White, it’s an honor to have this conversation with you. Thank you, sir! James and I disagree on tonight’s topic, but we have two things in common: (i), we are brothers in Christ . . . and (ii), we never have a bad hair day! Although this is an in-house debate, “outsiders” (as Paul refers to them in Col 4:5) are watching closely. If White’s view of God prevails, atheists

Dr. Tim Stratton
Feb 14, 202216 min read
3 Reasons Why Exhaustive Divine Determinism (EDD) Is Not Redundant
Question Dear Dr. Stratton, JD Martin has said that saying “exhaustive Divine determinism” (EDD) is redundant (“they don’t know what they’re talking about” he says) because on determinism everything is causally determined (I tend to agree it is redundant). I know that you have sought to make a distinction as you explain “Mere Molinism”, etc. How would you respond? Why do you think including the word "exhaustive" is important? - Drew Dr. Tim's Response Hi Drew! Thank you for

Josh Klein
Sep 7, 20215 min read
3 Reasons Why Jesus Is The Only Way
Sermon Outline Riddle me this: What’s black and white and RED all over? I remember the first time my dad posed that question to me when I was a young child. Even as a little boy – untrained in philosophy – I knew something was amiss. I intuitively understood that if something was literally black and white . . . like a news paper . . . then it could not be the COLOR RED all over. After all, something cannot be the colors RED and Black and White simultaneously and in the same s

Josh Klein
Sep 5, 202120 min read
A Half-Dozen of My Favorite Arguments for God
As a theologian and apologist who regularly offers a cumulative case for the existence of God, I am often asked to disclose my favorite argument in my repertoire. Indeed, near the end of a good Q&A session, where all kinds of questions and objections are raised, I can count on someone asking me what I take to be the best argument. This is often the one question that "stumps" me. Although I have made a commitment to " never be stumped by the same question twice ," this questi
Evan Temple
Mar 29, 202111 min read
The Anti-Marxist Marxist: A Response to Christianity Today
I have always found it amazing how many notable Christian mouthpieces have vociferously denied giving any credence to Marxist ideology while at the same time giving wholesale credence to Marxist ideology. What is obvious to the most thoughtful observer schooled in Marxist philosophy is obscured in the minds of those who are saturated with it. The best way to make a disciple of Marxism is to convince the student they are not a disciple of Marxism. This does not mean that every

Josh Klein
Jul 25, 202040 min read
The Freethinking Argument VS a Presuppositional Apologist
When debating the FreeThinking Argument with naturalists (those who presuppose nature is all that exists), they often accuse me of being a "presuppositionalist" (a.k.a., "a presupper")! This means that they incorrectly believe that I am assuming naturalism is false to conclude the supernatural exists. If this were the case, I would be committing a textbook example of begging the question -- a logical fallacy! I was glad to hear that some "presuppositional apologists" have c

Josh Klein
Apr 20, 202023 min read
Why Would God Allow COVID-19?
Suppose you awoke tomorrow and the coronavirus pandemic had come to an end and all suffering had ceased. Not only are you no longer experiencing any suffering of any kind, but neither is anyone else. All suffering resulting from moral or natural evil — including COVID-19 – was nothing but a memory. Is there any reason to think that it would stay that way? To answer this question, take a short quiz: Question #1: Would you take this “suffering-free world” for granted? Would yo

Josh Klein
Mar 23, 20203 min read
3 Ways Richard Dawkins Is Inconsistent about Eugenics
For such a bright guy, Richard Dawkins—famed evolutionary biologist and outspoken atheist—sure makes a lot of controversial statements on Twitter . He's recently done it again, causing a firestorm because of a series of tweets on eugenics : In case you never learned about eugenics in school, here’s dictionary.com’s definition : “the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species or a human population, especially by such means as discou

Josh Klein
Feb 23, 20203 min read
Proper Function & Libertarian Freedom
After three long years of intense research and writing, I finally submitted my doctoral dissertation in hopes of getting three pesky letters to follow my last name for the rest of my life: Ph.D. (I passed)! My final submission was 350 pages long (including the bibliography). To keep it relatively "short" -- and to eventually complete this project in a timely manner -- I unfortunately had to "axe" many points that I was originally planning to include. These arguments went to t

Josh Klein
Feb 3, 20205 min read
Thinking About Free Thinking
Question: Dear Tim, This is a three-pronged question: What is The FreeThinking Argument ? What are the premises of the argument? And what reasons are there to believe that the premises are true? Please lay out a defense of all of the argument's steps. - Evan Tim's Response: Thank you for the question, Evan. <1 > > Before I explain and defend the FreeThinking Argument , it is vital to define a term that the argument hinges upon: Libertarian Freedom (libertarian free will/

Josh Klein
Nov 11, 20196 min read
A Thought Experiment vs "Unjustified" Evil & Suffering
Suppose you awoke tomorrow in a state of affairs in which suffering had ceased. Not only are you no longer experiencing suffering of any kind, but you became aware that all suffering had come to an end. There was no more suffering resulting from moral or natural evil -- and even gratuitous animal suffering was nothing but a memory. Is there any reason to think that it would stay that way? In order to answer this question, take a short quiz: Question #1: Would you take this

Josh Klein
Jun 24, 20194 min read
A Response to “10 Reasons Reading the Bible Makes Me More Progressive”
"A righteous person who yields to the wicked is like a muddied spring or a polluted well." — Proverbs 25: 26 While there are a few points I agree with in the recent article 10 Reasons Reading the Bible Makes Me More Progressive by Benjamin L. Corey, I respectfully think that Mr. Corey has made some big mistakes in his reasoning, and he basically “strains out gnats and swallows camels” here. If our differences were petty and had little significant real-world consequences, it

Josh Klein
May 3, 201913 min read
Arminianism vs Molinism
I once had the pleasure of interacting with Arminian theologian, Dr. Jack Cottrell. Many Arminians also claim to be Molinists. In fact, many scholars believe that Arminius was a Molinist! Cottrell, however, is an Arminian who opposes Molinism. Here is a sampling of our online debate. Hi Jack, I sincerely thank you for adding me as a FB friend. Kyle asked me to take a look at your comments on Molinism as he is contemplating these differing views. If you don’t mind, I would

Dr. Tim Stratton
Oct 25, 201732 min read
The Silence of God
I have been a Christian for many years—since I was a teenager—and I have been a pastor for about 42 years, but I have to admit that I know so little about God. I say that not with a fake humility, but because it is true. I want—like most of believers—to have a deep relationship with God, but far too often there are only periods that punctuate a rather ordinary life. In fact in my experience, there is a certain illusiveness about God. C. S. Lewis tapped into this longing when

Dr. Tim Stratton
Jul 12, 20176 min read
The Kalam: An Overview & Defense
William Lane Craig is famous for resurrecting and defending the Kalam Cosmological Argument (KCA). The argument appeals to both philosophical and scientific evidence for the beginning of the universe. If the Kalam is sound, it seems to prove the existence of God. The question is raised: Is the argument sound given our modern, scientific understanding of cosmology? In this essay I will review and examine the premises of the Kalam to see if we have good reason to affirm them a

Dr. Tim Stratton
Mar 14, 20178 min read


Stuff Atheists Say: You're Almost an Atheist
We at FreeThinking Ministries are dedicated to answering the biggest objections to Christianity. We respect sincere skeptics and seekers and understand that everyone has doubts. We do too at times. If there's a certain obstacle that is keeping you from faith, we want to help remove it. Responding to objections is mandatory to the Christ-follower: "always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness

Timothy Fox
Aug 13, 20153 min read


Preventing the Problem of Evil
The #1 argument against God's existence is probably the problem of evil. If an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-loving God exists, why is there so much evil and suffering? It’s been asked (and responded to) for centuries and we’re still asking it. However, I want to narrow it down and look at it from a specific angle: What if God prevented all evil completely? I'll try to give some reasons why God hasn't solved the problem of evil yet. Or has He? No evil whatsoever So what

Timothy Fox
Jun 4, 20154 min read
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