top of page

READ
Articles
Here you’ll find thoughtful articles exploring apologetics, theology, and worldview. Our goal is to equip believers, engage skeptics, and apply biblical truth to the most pressing questions of life, culture, and faith. Whether you’re wrestling with doubts, looking for answers, or simply eager to grow deeper in your understanding of Christianity, this is a place to read, reflect, and reason together.
Apologetics
The Importance of Apologetics
Apologetics is not, as it might sound, apologizing for one’s faith. Rather, the word apologetics comes from the Greek word apologia , which means a defense of one’s opinions or beliefs. If theology is the study of what one believes about God, then apologetics is the study of why one believes what they believe about God. If this is what we mean by apologetics, then all Christians are apologists! We all have some reason why we are Christians. The important questions are: wha

Josh Klein
Sep 4, 20186 min read
A Response to Aron Ra
I regret that this response must be written. The atheist blogger Aron Ra and I recently participated in an event together. We were at a church, answering questions on the topic of creationism and Darwinism in front of about 300 high school students. Despite the fact that we differ greatly on the topic at hand—I, a creationist, and he, a Darwinist—we had a fairly cordial discussion, if it can be called a discussion. You can watch the video by clicking here . However, about a w

Josh Klein
Aug 24, 20186 min read
4 Reasons Why I Blog (& Why You Should Too)
“I’m thinking about starting an apologetics blog, but what can I say that hasn’t already been said?” I asked myself this many times before I started blogging, and I’ve heard it from plenty of others as well. Also, “Do we really need another blog? Would anyone actually read it?” etc. Well, obviously I do blog, and so I had to answer those questions for myself before I started. So let me offer 4 reasons why I blog, which may encourage you to start blogging too. 1) Unique Audien

Josh Klein
Aug 8, 20183 min read
The MAVEN Experience
The primary goal of FreeThinking Ministries is to equip the church to engage the culture. In my opinion, no one is doing that better than Brett Kunkle. Kunkle became well-known in the apologetics community through his time at Greg Koukl's organization, Stand To Reason . Recently, however, Kunkle has branched out and started MAVEN , an organization focused on helping the next generation know truth, pursue goodness, and create beauty. What exactly is a "maven?" Wikipedia defi

Josh Klein
Aug 6, 20184 min read
Deconstructing the Generic Hiddenness Argument
“deus absconditus” (the hidden God) – Thomas Aquinas Having stumbled across the doctrine of Hell, Atheist Smith frets over the seemingly harsh punishments promised to the unbelievers within Christianity. Deep within, he wants to submit to the “fairy-tale” that billions of people believe in the world. Yet, he just can’t wrap his head around one issue: “Why doesn’t God just appear before me now and make me believe?” He had attempted to pray before—begging for Jesus to appear b

Josh Klein
Jul 31, 201813 min read
Objective Beauty & the Existence of God
Recall the most beautiful landscape you have ever witnessed. Think about how you felt a need to take an extra moment (or several) to stare at the scene as to sear it into your memory -- almost as if it were the right thing to do. Does it not seem wrong to ignore such magnificence? In a recent Reasonable Faith podcast , William Lane Craig was asked if it is possible to argue for the existence of God based on objective beauty in such a way that would be similar to one of my f

Josh Klein
Jul 23, 20185 min read
New Book on the Kalām Cosmological Argument
One of the most popular and intriguing arguments in favour of God's existence is the Kalām Cosmological Argument (KCA). For the past several years, the KCA has fascinated me, so much so that I wrote my doctoral dissertation on it, spent my post-doctoral research on it, and wrote an academic book on it. The book is titled The Kalām Cosmological Argument: A Reassessment , and in it I do two things. First, I offer a fresh look at the historical background of the KCA by explori

Josh Klein
Jul 5, 20182 min read
Concerning the Prophet Muhammad’s View of the Gospels from (an Interpretation of) the Earliest Arabic Sources
In this writing we will be quoting from the Qur’an and Sahih-Bukhari, the most trusted collection of Muhammad’s (pbuh) doings and sayings (known as hadith ) in existence today. These are primary source materials from the very earliest moments in Islamic history. However, we recognize that the original, and authoritative, Qur’an and hadith , were written in Arabic. Thus, we have taken the liberty to call this work an interpretation of the earliest (Arabic) sources, just as M

Josh Klein
Jun 9, 201812 min read
Avengers: Infinity War & Morality
I am going to assume that if you are reading this article you have already seen Avengers: Infinity War. If not, I urge you to stop reading, as there will be numerous spoilers along the way. I am also going to assume that after seeing the movie, you left the theater and either felt that you needed a strong drink, or to take a long, meditative, walk on the beach while asking yourself repeatedly, “ what in the world just happened? ”. I know that’s how I felt. Having a basic,

Josh Klein
May 25, 20185 min read
The Life of an Apologist's Wife
Hi! I’m Tia and I thought I would do a mini-series of blogs of what it’s like to be the wife of a Christian Apologist. But, why be so impersonal?! I would like to specifically tell you what it's like being the wife of “The FreeThinking Theist” — aka, the "Libertarian Freedom Fighter" — Tim Stratton! “Tim? Tim Stratton?! You’re Tim Stratton’s wife!?!” If I’ve heard it once I’ve heard it a million times. Before Tim was known as an apologist he was locally famous for being th

Josh Klein
May 14, 20184 min read
Responding to James White's Anti-Molinist Critiques: Creaturely Essences
Summary: In The Dividing Line episode Behold the Secular Woman & WLC on Molinism (Once Again) James White argues that Molinism is false because it prohibits God from creating creaturely essences. Here, I offer several interpretations of White's argument and demonstrate that regardless of which interpretation White prefers his argument can be shown to have an unargued premise. Video Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4cSeSzi0jE Addressing White's Preliminary Remark

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 27, 20187 min read
Stephen Fry, Humanismo, e Incoherencia
El actor británico, Stephen Fry, ha narrado recientemente un breve video animado en el que defiende la visión atea del humanismo. En mi experiencia, el humanismo parece significar cosas diferentes para diferentes personas. Según una búsqueda rápida en Google, el humanismo se define típicamente como: "Una perspectiva o sistema de pensamiento que otorga una importancia primordial a los asuntos humanos en lugar de los asuntos divinos o sobrenaturales. Las creencias humanistas e

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 24, 201811 min read
Whoever Reads John 3:16 Can Know that "Whoever" Is Really There
There is an untenable grammatical argument contending that John 3:16 supports limited atonement that has recently received some attention. James White has made the argument for some time. But his use of it in response to Arminian philosopher Rich Davis’ argument against limited atonement from John 3:16 1 has now surprisingly received some approval from two respectable Calvinist philosophers (Guillaume Bignon and James A. Gibson), who approvingly reference White and his argu

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 24, 20184 min read
Luchadores por la Libertad Libertariana
Nada me fascina más que investigar evidencia de la existencia de Dios. He pasado los últimos ocho años de mi vida dedicando varias horas todos los días a examinar estos datos y temas relacionados . Uno de estos temas relacionados es el del libre albedrío. Aunque esto ha sido tema de debate durante siglos, entre cristianos y no cristianos, tengo la convicción de que no solo los humanos poseen libre albedrío, sino que esta libertad es en realidad una prueba más de la existencia

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 23, 20186 min read
What in the Possible Worlds is Molinism?
What might come as a surprise to many today is that Christ followers have a rich history of grappling with big questions. One question in particular has consumed the minds of Christians for centuries: "If God is in control over all things, how are humans really free and responsible for anything, and if humans are really free and responsible for some things, then how is God in control of all things?" Over the past 500 years it seems that those within the walls of the church h

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 23, 20186 min read
Response to James White on the Unbelievable William Lane Craig and Paul Helm Discussion
Summary: In the March 11, 2014 episode of The Dividing Line , James White offers an analysis of the discussion between Dr. William Lane Craig and Professor Paul Helm on the topic “Molinism vs. Calvinism,” which originally aired January 4, 2014. I conclude that White doesn’t actually offer an analysis so much as uses an incredulous tone and makes largely irrelevant comments from a position of ignorance. Source: http://www.aomin.org/aoblog/2014/03/11/caners-apology-the-pope-an

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 20, 20187 min read
El Molinismo es Bíblico
Pregunta Estimado Tim, Realmente he disfrutado leyendo tus artículos sobre el Molinismo. Creo que el Molinismo es una gran filosofía teológica, pero parece no ser más que una filosofía. No veo cómo el Molinismo podría llamarse una visión bíblica en absoluto; ¿dónde están las Escrituras que apoyan el Molinismo? Simplemente no veo ninguna. Porque el Calvinismo parece poseer la esquina en el mercado con respecto a los datos bíblicos, simplemente no puedo abandonar mi tradición

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 19, 201813 min read
Yoda Y K-2: Semi-Compatibilismo Y Responsabilidad
Recientemente un amigo mío – un profesor de filosofía que cree que los humanos poseen libre albedrío libertariano – publicó una pregunta en las redes sociales dirigida a los cristianos. Él preguntó: "Si tuviera que elegir entre los dos, ¿preferiría ser un calvinista (versión compatibilista) o un teísta abierto?" Respondí rápidamente con lo siguiente: “Lo irónico es que si el calvinismo es igual al determinismo divino (que es respaldado por el argumento de la consecuencia ),

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 19, 20187 min read
El Colapso de las Objeciones del Colapso Anti-Modal
Resumen: La Doctrina de la Simplicidad Divina (DSD) se ha visto bajo fuego durante los años recientes y no muestra señales de enfriarse. Actualmente, uno de los argumentos más interesantes contra esta doctrina es lo que ha venido a ser conocido como “el colapso modal.” En este ensayo, demuestro que muchas de las objeciones levantadas contra el argumento están confundidas, son lógicamente contradictorias, y son inconsistentes. Yo concluyo que el argumento del colapso modal per

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 19, 201816 min read
¿Qué es el Libre Albedrío Libertariano?
Pregunta: Hey Tim, hablas de libre albedrío libertariano todo el tiempo. ¿Puedes explicar y definir exactamente qué quieres decir con este término? Gracias. Matt Respuesta de Tim: ¡Gracias por tu pregunta, Matt! Lo primero que tengo que discutir es el uso de la palabra "libertariano". Según el diccionario Merriam-Webster, "libertariano" se define como: 1. un defensor de la doctrina del libre albedrío. 2. a) una persona que defiende los principios de libertad individual, e

Dr. Tim Stratton
Apr 19, 20187 min read
bottom of page
