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Here you’ll find thoughtful articles exploring apologetics, theology, and worldview. Our goal is to equip believers, engage skeptics, and apply biblical truth to the most pressing questions of life, culture, and faith. Whether you’re wrestling with doubts, looking for answers, or simply eager to grow deeper in your understanding of Christianity, this is a place to read, reflect, and reason together.
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Ep. 62 Molinism & the Moral Argument
This week, we're going to be talking about one of Tim's papers that he presented at ETS. We'll look at Tim's argument as to why Molinism gives us as Christians the ability to better utilize the Moral Argument, and why other views, particularly exhaustively deterministic ones, do not. Enjoy! Relevant links: https://freethinkingministries.com/the-apologetic-significance-of-molinism-ets-edit/ https://freethinkingministries.com/human-freedom-the-self-imposed-limits-of-god/ Rele

Josh Klein
Apr 25, 20191 min read
“Let the One Who Has No Sword Buy One”: The Christian Case for Carrying Firearms
In Isaiah 2, we are told of a vision in which the Messiah returns to reign on the earth. All the nations of the world beat their swords into plowshares. All war and conflict comes to an end. We should long for the day that this vision is made reality. But until that happens, what shall we do when faced with evil? Obviously it would be ideal to live in a world in which we did not need weapons because violence is non-existent. But that is not the world we currently live in, an

Josh Klein
Apr 23, 201911 min read
Ep. 61 Molinism & the Kalam
This week, we're going to be talking about one of Tim's papers that he presented at ETS. We'll look at Tim's argument as to why Molinism gives us as Christians the ability to better utilize the Kalam Cosmological Argument, and why other views, particularly exhaustively deterministic ones, do not. Enjoy! Relevant links: https://freethinkingministries.com/the-apologetic-significance-of-molinism-ets-edit/ https://freethinkingministries.com/a-god-problem-in-the-new-york-times/

Josh Klein
Apr 18, 20191 min read
Book Review: So the Next Generation Will Know by Sean McDowell and J. Warner Wallace
You’ve probably seen the statistics and heard the concerns. Young people are leaving the church in greater numbers than ever. While the youth of every generation share many common characteristics, this generation - dubbed - faces new and unique challenges thanks to the ubiquity of smartphones and easy access to the Internet. Young Christians are constantly bombarded with differing ideas and worldviews, all that are competing with the faith of their parents. It’s easy to giv

Josh Klein
Apr 17, 20193 min read
A "God Problem" in The New York Times
Recently, Peter Atterton, a professor of philosophy at San Diego State University, published an article in The New York Times entitled " A God Problem : Perfect. All-powerful. All-knowing. The idea of the deity most Westerners accept is actually not coherent. " Given the title, I was excited to read what this philosopher was sharing with the masses since this issue is one of the main foci in my PhD dissertation. After reading it, however, my excitement transformed into sever

Josh Klein
Apr 15, 201914 min read
Ep. 60 Molinism & the FAAN
This week, we're going to be talking about one of Tim's papers that he presented at ETS. We'll look at Tim's argument as to why Molinism gives us as Christians the ability to better utilize the Freethinking Argument Against Naturalism, and why other views, particularly exhaustively deterministic ones, do not. Enjoy! Relevant links: http://freethinkingministries.com/the-apologetic-significance-of-molinism-ets-edit/ Relevant episodes: 19, 20, 22, 23, 27, 39, 40, 41, 58, 59

Josh Klein
Apr 11, 20191 min read
A Defense of Perfect Being Theology: Middle Knowledge (Scientia Media) Approach to Natural Theology
By Limanto, John A. and Stratton, Timothy A. Originally presented at the SW Evangelical Philosophical Society (March, 2019) Abstract: Given the works of philosophers such as Plantinga, Wierenga, Leftow, and Nagasawa, the perfect being (PBT) concept of theism has received renewed attention within the philosophical-theological literature. Despite this ambitious revival, Nagasawa admits that the argument against perfect being from evil is one that we cannot “pretend that

Josh Klein
Apr 8, 201922 min read
Ep. 59 Molinism & the Problem of Natural Evil
This week, we're going to be talking about one of Tim's papers that he presented at ETS. We'll look at Tim's argument as to why Molinism gives us as Christians the ability to adequately answer the problem of natural evil, and why other views, particularly deterministic ones, do not. It's a pretty fun conversation, so you should give it a listen. Relevant links: http://freethinkingministries.com/the-apologetic-significance-of-molinism-ets-edit/ Relevant episodes: 19, 20, 2

Josh Klein
Apr 4, 20191 min read
Professors, Psychotherapy, & the Emotional Crutch of Determinism
I have had the privilege and honor to have studied under many brilliant professors over the past several years. This includes learning from professors in an official capacity in the classroom at Biola University, or learning in an unofficial capacity from many more professors (locally and from around the world) who have befriended me and taken me under their proverbial wings. I am blessed to be surrounded by such a great cloud of witnesses (Hebrews 12:1)! Recently, one of th

Josh Klein
Apr 1, 20192 min read
Ep. 58 Molinism & the Problem of Moral Evil
This week, we're going to be talking about one of Tim's papers that he presented at ETS. We'll look at Tim's argument as to why Molinism gives us as Christians the ability to adequately answer the problem of moral evil, and why other views, particularly deterministic ones, do not. It's pretty awesome and you should listen. I know I did. Relevant links: http://freethinkingministries.com/the-apologetic-significance-of-molinism-ets-edit/ Relevant episodes: 19, 20, 22, 23, 27

Josh Klein
Mar 28, 20191 min read
Meet the New Apologists (Part 2: Advice)
In the last post we met seven "new apologists." Now, we ask them crucial questions about how to start and run a young apologetics ministry. What advice would you give to newer apologists about finding their niche/focus? How important is it? How does one find a niche? Here is Scott Olson’s case for why it is so important to find a niche: Scott Olson (Free Thinking Ministries): I think it’s incredibly important to find a niche. I hesitate to say that the apologetics communit

Josh Klein
Mar 25, 201926 min read
Ep. 57 We're Back! Talking About ETS
Finally, a new episode where Tim and I can actually talk to each other! Tim just got back from the ETS conference in New Orleans where he presented two papers related to Molinism and middle knowledge. We talk about both of those papers and the reaction he received from those in the audience. Like we mention in the episode, we should be a little more regular with our content from here on out. We've got a lot of fun stuff planned, so keep listening and sharing the show! Relev

Josh Klein
Mar 21, 20191 min read
Meet the New Apologists (Part 1)
God is doing an awesome work around the world. He is calling His church back to the defense and proclamation of the Gospel and you get to be a part! If you’ve been following this site for a while, my guess is that you have an itch. There is a deep yearning within your soul to take the apologetics knowledge you’ve accumulated and use it to minister to others. “Yes, you’re quite right. But do I know enough?” If you could give me a basic five minute explanation of God’s existe

Josh Klein
Mar 18, 201919 min read
How Captain Marvel Points To Jesus
Spoiler Alert! Spoiler Alert!! Spoiler Alert!!! Seriously, if you have not yet seen the movie, Captain Marvel , stop reading this and go to the movie theatre and buy a ticket! Then come back and read this article. Consider yourself warned! Captain Marvel has a consistent theme: Things are not what they seem. Just when you think that you have something figured out, the characters will discover more information that completely turns everything you thought knew upside down. T

Josh Klein
Mar 15, 20195 min read
Ep. 56 Tim Talks to Twin Cities Apologetics (Part 2)
In this episode, Tim sits down with Twin Cities Apologetics and talks about free will and other related topics. It makes for some really good conversation, so we're glad to be able to bring it to you guys. Enjoy the second part of this conversation! Check out this episode!

Josh Klein
Mar 14, 20191 min read
Ep. 55 Tim Talks to Twin Cities Apologetics (Part 1)
In this episode, Tim sits down with Twin Cities Apologetics and talks about free will and other related topics. It makes for some really good conversation, so we're glad to be able to bring it to you guys. Enjoy the first part of this conversation! Check out this episode!

Josh Klein
Mar 7, 20191 min read
Choose Your Words Wisely
There are many things to keep in mind when sharing your Christian convictions with an unbeliever, such as your attitude, your tone, and even the specific words you use. Certain words common to evangelism, theology, and apologetics have accumulated cultural baggage that can hinder spiritual conversations. Let’s look at three such words and consider some alternatives. Faith - Faith is a thoroughly biblical term. Salvation is by faith in Christ alone. But unfortunately, this wo

Josh Klein
Mar 6, 20192 min read
Ethnic Epistemology Part 3: Going on Offense
In the last article we covered the Genetic Fallacy in some detail so I would refer the reader back to that article for a more in depth explanation of it rather than spend time rehashing it here. For those who have been following along, you will recall that I mentioned th at as we encounter the Genetic Fallacy we can approach it either defensively or offensively when dealing with the notion of Christianity being the white man’s religion. In that article we primarily discus

Josh Klein
Mar 5, 20199 min read
Debating Determinism with Dillahunty
“Would you be interested in debating Matt Dillahunty?” That was the question I received in July of 2018, from one of the organizers for the Texas Baptist Unapologetics Conference. “Hmm . . . I don’t know,” was all I could say. I’d seen the scathing videos from Matt’s show, The Atheist Experience , and was aware of his Hitchensesque rhetorical ability. “Well, it’s okay if you’re not interested. I’m sure Frank Turek or Mary Jo Sharp would be willing.” This passing opportunity

Josh Klein
Mar 4, 20197 min read
Capital Punishment & Christian Theology
Capital Punishment is a very controversial topic and navigating this tricky subject can be difficult. Because of this difficulty we must be humble when speaking on this subject. As I am studying ethics I have quickly come to find that there are very few simple and straightforward answers to many of the ethical problems we face and capital punishment (Hereafter CP ) is no exception. This means that we must have grace when speaking about these things and acknowledge where we ma

Josh Klein
Mar 1, 20197 min read
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