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Here you’ll find thoughtful articles exploring apologetics, theology, and worldview. Our goal is to equip believers, engage skeptics, and apply biblical truth to the most pressing questions of life, culture, and faith. Whether you’re wrestling with doubts, looking for answers, or simply eager to grow deeper in your understanding of Christianity, this is a place to read, reflect, and reason together.
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Why I Share the Video of Iryna Zarutska’s Murder
A friend recently asked me a hard question. She wrote: “Why do you keep sharing videos of this tragic death? It’s horrific on so many levels and yes, I completely agree with what you are saying. However, this girl is a human being and her murder should not be displayed on public forums for people to see. This is not a movie. Her life was real. I support your stance, but you are dehumanizing the situation by sharing footage of her dying. What if this were someone you knew? You

Dr. Tim Stratton
Sep 10, 20255 min read


Decoding Sodom: Truth Behind the Flames
Recently, I wrote a review of Pastor Brandan Robertson’s book Queer and Christian (read it here: Queer and Christian Book Review ) but had to leave much of the critique of his arguments on the cutting room floor. However, his work is important enough that I believe more must be done to address the specific arguments he makes concerning scripture and its relation to human sexuality and identity. Because of this I am writing responses to specific chapters in his book. Some wil

Josh Klein
Sep 5, 20257 min read


Four (plus) Reasons We Can't Be Mormon
There is no disrespect meant in the title. Saying "members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints" is just too long for a YouTube video title! That said, Dr. Tim Stratton and Josh Klein assess the claims of the LDS, both historically and theologically. Why can't we be mormons? Here's why! Maven Experience: https://maventruth.com/immersive-experience/ Josephlied.com: https://www.mormoninfo.org/ ➡️ CHAPTERS ⬅️ 00:00 Introduction 05:45 Maven and Its Importance

Josh Klein
Sep 3, 20251 min read


Spiritual Liberalism: The New Age’s Quiet Influence
The Changing Religious Landscape In the past couple of years, we have seen a new interest in Christianity from the younger generations. This is an exciting turn of events for the Church which has lost the interest of many young people. However, though this may seem like a turn in the tides, the overall trend in the past 20 years has seen a steep decline in US adults who identify as Christians and those who attend church. This has been due to the extreme secularization of our

Thomas Moller
Aug 29, 20259 min read


Tim Stratton vs Colton Carlson: Full Debate Regarding 1 Cor 10:13 and Libertarian Freedom
Introduction This post brings together the complete written exchange between Colton Carlson (a self-described "thorough-going compatibilist") and myself (a self-described "libertarian freedom fighter") on the meaning of Paul’s words in 1 Corinthians 10:13: “You are able.” At stake in this debate is no small matter. Does Paul’s assurance point to categorical ability (C-Ability)—a genuine, here-and-now power to either sin or take the way of escape at the moment of temptation—o

Dr. Tim Stratton
Aug 27, 2025118 min read


You Are Able: Even in Greek
Recently, I had the opportunity to assist my colleague Dr. Tim Stratton in an online debate with Colton Carlson concerning 1 Corinthians 10:13 and its relation to libertarian freedom. In this article, I want to expand on that exchange—not merely to come to a friend’s defense, but to make a specific, academic point grounded in the Greek text itself. I will argue (in line with leading Greek scholars today) that 1 Corinthians 10:13–14 most naturally supports C-Ability (Catego

Josh Klein
Aug 26, 202512 min read


Four Reasons We Are NOT Catholic
In our continued "why we're not series" Dr. Tim Stratton and Josh Klein turn their eyes towards Catholicism. Why aren't they Catholic? They give four reasons why and the fourth one may surprise you! Sound Faith Conference 2025: soundfaithomaha.com Why we're not Open Theists: Why I Love The Catholic Church and Why I'm Not A Catholic Article: https://freethinkingministries.com/why-i-love-the-catholic-church-and-why-i-am-not-catholic/ What it means to be protestant by Gav

Josh Klein
Aug 26, 20251 min read


You Are Able”: A Written Exchange on 1 Corinthians 10:13 and the Nature of Human Freedom with Colton Carlson
Introduction This dialogue brings together Colton Carlson and Dr. Tim Stratton in an extended written exchange about the meaning of Paul’s assurance in 1 Corinthians 10:13. At issue is whether the apostle’s statement—“you are able”—supports a libertarian understanding of human freedom (C-Ability) or whether it can be explained within a compatibilist framework (W-Ability). Across the discussion, Carlson presses Stratton to demonstrate why libertarian freedom is the stronger re

Dr. Tim Stratton
Aug 20, 202535 min read


1 Cor. 10:13 Is a Problem—If You Deny Free Will
Dr. Leighton Flowers joins the program as Dr. Tim Stratton and Josh Klein discuss the philosophical, theological and pastoral importance of 1 Corinthians 10:13 in the Free Will discussion. It is NOT, something that you can just hand wave away and it only makes sense if Libertarian Free Will is true. Take a look! You can find Dr. Leighton Flowers at @Soteriology101 and @BraxtonHunter . Visit https://trinitysem.edu/ for more information on advanced degree programs. Sup

Josh Klein
Aug 19, 20251 min read


From Atheist to Christian Because Of.... ChatGPT?
You won't want to miss this! Recently a guy named Andy went viral for releasing his conversation with ChatGPT to the world. One in which he discovered, in real time, that Atheism was false and Theist, particularly Christian Theism, was true. Did ChatGPT REALLY lead this man to Christ or was something else happening? Dr. Tim Stratton and Josh Klein explore these questions and his testimony on today's show. Andy Koons: TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@andykoons?lang=en X:...

Josh Klein
Aug 19, 20251 min read


Why Paul’s Words in 1 Cor. 10:13 Demand Libertarian Freedom: A Response to Colton Carlson
Introduction The debate over 1 Corinthians 10:13 , freedom, and responsibility continues. In this exchange, I (Dr. Tim Stratton) respond to Colton Carlson’s ongoing attempts to redefine “ability” in ways that obscure Paul’s plain assurance. Colton insists that his dispositional compatibilism can capture Paul’s promise, but as you’ll see, the very foundations of his view collapse under scrutiny. In what follows, I engage Colton point by point—addressing his appeals to authori

Dr. Tim Stratton
Aug 19, 202515 min read


Could the Believer Have Done Otherwise? A Response to Colton Carlson on 1 Corinthians 10:13
Introduction This written debate between Dr. Tim Stratton and Mr.Colton Carlson centers on the meaning of Paul’s promise in 1 Corinthians 10:13 : that God always provides a “way of escape” when believers face temptation. At stake is whether this passage affirms categorical ability (C-Ability) —the genuine, libertarian power to do otherwise in the actual world—or whether it can be sufficiently explained by weaker notions of ability (W-Ability) consistent with compatibilism

Dr. Tim Stratton
Aug 19, 202525 min read


1 Corinthians 10:13 and Libertarian Freedom: Another Response to Colton Carlson
In a recent exchange, in the YouTube comments under a video featuring Leighton Flowers , Colton Carlson offered a detailed attempt to defend a compatibilist-friendly reading of 1 Corinthians 10:13. He leaned on Vihvelin’s notion of “W-Ability” (dispositional ability plus opportunity) to argue that Paul’s words need not entail categorical ability (C-Ability) or libertarian freedom (LFW). Below, I’ll first share Mr. Carlson's case in his own words, and then respond point by poi

Dr. Tim Stratton
Aug 18, 202512 min read


Does 1 Corinthians 10:13 Teach Libertarian Freedom? My Conversation with Colton Carlson
Introduction: A High-Stakes Exchange on Freedom and Scripture Few biblical texts strike as deeply at the heart of human responsibility as Paul’s words in 1 Corinthians 10:13 : “No temptation has overtaken you except what is common to mankind. And God is faithful; he will not let you be tempted beyond what you can bear. But when you are tempted, he will also provide a way out so that you can endure it.” For centuries, theologians and philosophers have debated what this verse

Dr. Tim Stratton
Aug 17, 202530 min read


Adam, Eve, and Robertson’s View Rebutted
As I sat down to write a review of Brandan Robertson’s book Queer and Christian (see review here: Queer and Christian Review ) I quickly came to the realization that I would need to choose between reviewing the book and refuting the arguments. While I addressed some of the arguments in the review I left much on the cutting room floor. However, given that Robertson declares that the arguments he offers in this book are, “…the best arguments to disarm the anti-queer interpreta

Josh Klein
Aug 15, 202514 min read


6 Reasons Why It’s OK to Judge
“Hey, stop judging me! You can’t judge me and my beliefs!” How many times have we heard something like this? The implication of such exclamations are clear: someone’s personal beliefs about religion or morality are off limits—they cannot be discerned to be right or wrong. Beliefs are subjective and thus true for some and not others. Such a sentiment fences off one’s beliefs from being analyzed and weighed for validity. But is it true that we should not judge others' beliefs?

Peter Rasor
Aug 12, 20256 min read
Molinism on Trial: My Defense Against Warren McGrew and Open Theism
Warren McGrew (aka, "Idol Killer") is a friend. I deeply respect his passion, his boldness, his humor, and his tireless efforts to challenge theological systems he believes are flawed. He has been a consistent voice pushing back against Calvinism and determinist frameworks, and I’ve stood shoulder to shoulder with him in many of those battles. On that front, we are not only friends—we are allies. That’s part of what makes this conversation so difficult—and so important. Warre

Josh Klein
Aug 11, 2025110 min read


I Changed ChatGPT's "Mind" On Gender
Artificial Intelligence is taking over the world and people are using it more than ever. But, using AI is only as good as the ideology of the one’s programming AI. There is an issue with taking AI at its word. Dr. Tim Stratton and I recently pointed this out in a recent podcast episode but I felt the need to press this point further. If you are a parent of teens, they are likely going to be using AI for research purposes and for writing papers. The question is – should we tr

Josh Klein
Aug 7, 202522 min read


Grok vs DoD: When "Artificial" Meets "Actual" Intelligence
Recently someone on X used Grok to refute Dr. Tim Stratton's DoD (Deity of Deception) argument against Calvinism. In this episode we discuss this attempt, why it failed, and why when we use AI we need to be VERY careful how we use it. Join the team! https://freethinkingministries.com/donate/ The original Grok prompt and response: https://grok.com/share/c2hhcmQtMg%3D%3D_f1239435-2f06-4419-8592-35cecae10edd Josh's prompt and Grok's Response: https://x.com/i/grok/share/QObRj

Josh Klein
Aug 6, 20251 min read


The Deity of Deception Argument: A Response to C. Jay Cox
Recently, my colleague and friend Dr. Tim Stratton issued a challenge on X which led to many responses. Dr. Stratton posited a form of what he calls a “Deity of Deception” (DoD) argument in an attempt to refute Deterministic Calvinism and show that Exhaustive Divine Determinism (or EDD, as he calls it) leads to epistemic meltdown if consistently applied in matters of faith and reason. This argument isn’t just a clever thought experiment; it goes straight to the heart of wheth

Josh Klein
Aug 4, 202522 min read
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